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Tuesday, August 11, 2015

Some finds from week 4

Nice bipoint Catherine!

During the last week of the dig we started to get into the lowest levels of the site.  The first Alutiiq hunting lances were made of chipped stone.  Later in time, they ground them from slate - the ubiquitous ground slate bayonets we found so many of during the first 3 weeks of the dig.  So as we got deeper into the lowest, and hence oldest, layers of the site we started to find more and more of the older chipped stone lances.

Another interesting find from the last day of the dig was a ground slate lance with a battered tip.  When we excavated a site up at the outlet to Buskin Lake practically every bayonet that we found exhibited such damage to the tip.  Up at Buskin Lake there are no seals and the bayonets were most likely used to spear spawning salmon in the shallow river below the outlet to the lake.  The bayonets get battered from hitting the bottom.

In contrast almost all the bayonets from the Kashevaroff Site have sharp tips.  The battered tip bayonet from last week is one of the very few that we have found at the site over the last 3 years.  It indicates that while the primary activity at the site was hunting sea mammals they still occasionally did a little fishing using their bayonet tipped spears as gaffs.  Patrick

Jesse's chipped stone endblade

Ryan's chipped point from the lower levels

Backdirt piles are getting up there!

Flake knife from the lower levels

Duals screens at work - rushing to get it done!

Bayonet with battered tip, probably used to spear fish against a rocky bottom - we did not find many of these 

Sunday, August 09, 2015

Woody Island with Troop #118

Zodiac to shore from the Silver Fox

Geocaching! We took a 4 mile hike 

appetizer plate~knorr spincah dip with veggies and yogurt/nutella fruit dip

Good times by the fire

Jen, Erica and I

Headed back home on top of the Silver Fox


Patrick was shocked that I've been home from my girl scout camping trip for 4 hours without yet having posted to Facebook! ;-) I want to return to the days of prompt blog posts, so here it goes!

Erica Valentine and I took our scout troop to Woody Island for a one night camping trip.  There is a 100 acre chunk of State Park land on the North End of the Island that we camped on. Erica and I first dreamt of doing the trip 2 months ago and I'm so glad that it went smoothly! And the weather cooperated!

A fishing seiner brought the troop over, as well as, our friend Mike with a landing craft. I'm grateful to the families of the Scout Troop #118...they came together to really make the trip possible.

We set up camp, went for a 4 mile geocaching hike, returned to camp, made dinner in the campfire then bedtime. The time was filled with friendship, laughter and times trying new food and skills.  And we used the Dutch Oven to make Sprite Chicken! Yay! It came out delicious and was a favorite for the girls. It was a recipe that Erica and I found on Pintrest and the fact that there was a can of sprite in it made it a novelty for the troop. What gave it the amazing flavor was tons-o-bacon, cheese, onions and sprite.

The camping trip was a dream come true.

More stories to come....

Zoya




Test Pits

Hannah, Rachel and Sami excavating Square 301 at South end of site

The Community Archaeology dig ended on Friday, but I still have a few posts left from the last week.  I'll post the last few over the next few days. So keep posted!

One of the main goals at the start of the summer was to examine the site as a whole and to see if the inhabitants utilized some parts of the site differently.  To accomplish this goal we opened up 2 new excavation blocks (block A & B), and dug 3 additional one-by-one meter test pits (squares 201, 301 & 401).  In this way, we pretty much got a look at the deposits across the whole site - from north to south and close to the terrace edge to far away (East to West).

It is always difficult to interpret what one finds in a test pit.  The hole is not big enough to find structure walls and follow layers to their edges.  It is almost impossible to understand the spatial 'context' of a layer in a small hole.  That is why we open up big excavation blocks - we can see and spatially understand entire features like smoke-processing pits or houses.  But tests pits are useful for getting an understanding of site stratigraphy, and they do pinpoint areas of interest to expand upon.

One immediate discovery was that the highest part of the site to the South where we put block B was used intensively for smoke processing.  This is where we found all the 'line-weights' and the pitch black soil full of fire-cracked rock.  We did find some processing pits in the main excavation, but none of the line-weights, and nothing anywhere near as intense as what we found in Block B.  The main excavation is characterized more by 'tossed sods' and thin living surfaces.

In Block A we found that all the older deposits where missing below our 4-5 thousand year-old layer designated L2A. This turned out to be a common theme in the other test pits as well.  L2A, a homogenous layer full of pebbles and flecks of charcoal, turned out to extend everywhere across the site.  But below L2A we found from our test pits that some areas of the site had been quarried for sods. It seems that these sods where brought and deposited near the front of the site (front of terrace) at Blocks A and B.

And then finally in our last test pit (square 401) we found another area of the site with significant deposits below L2A - a place where the inhabitants brought sods rather than quarried them for elsewhere.  And best of all, in the test pit we found a substantial living surface of hard packed, charcoal stained gravel, around a possible hearth that appears to be capped by a layer of mottled and mixed roof sods.  This looks like it might have been a substantial structure capped with a sod roof, and it will be a focus of next year's excavation.

Hopefully, what we found in square 401 will turn out to be the remains of a sod capped structure.  But we will need a bigger hole to find out.  Here's to next year and what will be Block C!

Patrick

Profiling the wall
Some of the test pits got pretty deep!

Alexandria, Kate and Jeannine excavating square 401

Paydirt!  It looks like this one hit a structure with roof sods - the 'floor' is represented by the black lenses while the mixed and mottled layer above with blebs of till in it might be roof sods

Proud test pitters

Gregg's Quick Deer

Negotiating the 'Hellawee' grass
Friday evening Gregg and I headed up into the mountains after work to harvest his road system deer.  It was very hot, and after negotiating a 1000 feet of 'hellawee' grass (as in 'where the Hell are we') we were both sweaty messes.  And then we could not find any water.  Last weekend with Lisa we each carried 10 pounds of water up the mountain and it turned out there was water right next to camp.  This time we expected to find water, and the stream was dry.  I guess last weekend we learned the wrong lesson. To find water we had to follow the stream into a steep ravine and then a good ways down to where there was enough flowing water to fill up.

Back at camp we set up the tarp tent and cooked dinner.  Outside the tent the black flies were awful, but they did not seem to like it under the tarp.  The sunset views from our little perch were spectacular.

We got up an hour and a half before dawn and cooked up coffee and instant mash potatoes with ham.  It slowly got brighter and brighter until there was enough light to see deer through the binoculars, and then we left camp.  There were deer everywhere.

We snuck up on a bachelor group and the biggest deer was just walking into the brush.  A small 3 point walked down the deer trail towards us - now that's a deer who wants to get harvested!  And so we had our deer, and after a relatively short hike out, we arrived home around 10:30 AM.  Patrick

Getting ready to cook dinner

Sunset view from camp

View from the tent 'window'

Up before dawn to cook breakfast

Coffee and mashed potatoes and ham for breakfast

On the prowl at dawn

The weather is changing

Gregg's buck

Meat on Gregg's new pack - time to head home!




Wednesday, August 05, 2015

Week 3 Recap

Getting sloppy - and it was 'supposed' to be a sunny day

At the end of week 3 we got a little rain, found some intact and deeply buried old deposits, and finished with the big smoke processing pit.  Enough said about the rain - no one likes to dig in the rain, and the pictures tell the whole story.

The smoke processing pit is probably the most exciting discovery of this year's excavation.  While we have found and excavated a number of these features in the past, we have never found them associated with notched cobbles.  This an Ocean Bay II feature (around 4-5 thousand years old), and it is closely associated with a tool type never found in association with these pits before.

We think the inhabitants might have been using the line weights to hold down some sort of snare or net to catch seals which they then dispatched with their ground slate bayonets. They then dried the meat over hot rocks and smudge fires kept at low heat by the judicious addition of sod blocks. We've even found the calcined remains of sea mammal bones. The smoke processing feature does not appear to have been a formal feature, but rather an area of the site repeatedly used for the same purpose.  We found no post holes associated with the feature.  It is also completely different from anything we found at the other end of the site where we found none of the notched cobbles in a much larger 12 by 6 meter excavated area.

In the main excavation we have finally found some intact older deposits from the very bottom of the site.  Most of the older deposits had been stripped up and disturbed by the later inhabitants of the site when they quarried sods to build structures or slow down smoke-processing fires.  The lower deposits seem to date to the 6-7000 year-old range and we are finding them along the entire east edge of our main excavation block adjacent to where we excavated last year.  This is where the inhabitants brought the sods they quarried elsewhere on the site.  At the West end of our main block where they were quarrying sods the deposits are less than a meter deep.  On the other hand, on the East side where they dropped the sods the deposits are much deeper.  We figure based on an examination of last year's profiles that there is up to 40 cm of the older deposits along the East edge of the excavation.

The older deposits contain many more chipped stone tools (beautiful bipoints!) and we are still hopeful we might find an intact structure of some sort. There are certainly more post holes!   Patrick

Weathered ash gets slick quick!

Note the puddles in the units

An actual intact living surface (LS4) beach gravel stained with ochre and charcoal

Leslie's adze from the lowest levels of the site

Mapping the big smoke pit feature

Students mapping feature

All done - now let's see what is under it

Alexandria's incised bayonet base

Alex's chipped bipoint from the lowest levels of the site

Dutch Oven Magic


MOUNTAIN VIEWS
by Zoya Saltonstall

It can be easy to put aside the things that are the most rich with possibility in exchange for  newer, shinier options. Cars, appliances, clothes-out with the old, in with the new. Thinking it will be better.   But in the end, its  these tried and true  relics which become  part of us, our story. 

 In our home,  our dutch oven is such a relic. 

A dutch oven is  large heavy cooking pot with a lid. It is often made of cast iron and can be used in an oven or over the coals of a fire.  My first dutch oven memory is on the first date I had with my husband, Patrick. He invited me over for a deer stew dinner. A fire was going in the woodstove and it was the warmest place on earth. I sat on a stool at  his kitchen island, both of us seemingly nervous. We made first date small talk and drank wine until dinner was ready. 

 Patrick pulled the stew out of the oven and it was love at first sight. There were carrots, chunks of tender deer meat and mushrooms-my favorite stew ingredient. It was the best stew my faste buds had ever landed on.   Over the years, that stew became one of Patrick'd wintertime classics. 

All the good meals of our earlier years together were cooked in the dutch oven. It was Patricks go-to; he cooked stews, spaghetti, soups in it.  A few years later-at my suggestion-  we put it away for a cooking pot "upgrade". Something with color and seemingly snazzier.  The Dutch oven went off to the shed. For 10 years its been sitting in the shadows on a deep shelf.


Several weeks ago my girl scout troop co-leader, Erica,  texted, "Do you have a dutch oven?" she asked. 

 Hmm, where was that dutch oven from 10 years ago? We needed it for an outdoor cooking day, where the girls were going to make salmon in foil packets and cook a berry cobbler in the dutch oven for dessert. 

When I asked, Patrick knew exactly  where it was. Which dark of corner of which shelf-he knew its whereabouts. 

He brought the dutch oven in and began the process of re-seasoning it. For those who avoid using cast iron skillets because food sticks, its because the pan hasn't been well oiled and perhaps someone used soap on it. Cast iron needs very particular treatment to be non-stick. Nothing complex, but if someone washes it with soap, it can strip the oils from it. We oiled the dutch oven, put it on low heat to let the oils soak back in. There were a few small patches of rust which Patrick scrubbed off. The house smelled of a faint cooked oil smell. The dutch oven was warm.  

"Its ready to go Zoya!" Patrick said. There was a sparkle in his blue eyes. He was incredibly proud and I was impressed. The dutch oven sat all shiny and ready for use again. I looked down at the more modern Le Cruset pots in our kitchen cabinet and thought, "Sorry, guys. I've been reunited with an old love." 

None of my girl scouts knew what a dutch oven was, but they were all about   buttering it up in preparation for firecooked blueberry ocobbler. They rolled up there sleeves and eagerly slathered the interior with a thick coat of butter.  We put in frozen berries, topped them with strudel and onto the fire it went. 30 minutes later, the berries were bubbling and the cobbler was served. 

The dutch oven is back at home in our kitchen. Patrick cooked up  yummy  hashbrowns and eggs for breakfast out of it the other morning. "The sausages were moister than normal, Zoya" Patrick said, and I agreed. The lid on the oven helped retain the moisture from the sausages. 

 I'm eagerly looking up  more recipes to cook in the dutch oven, with a warm fire somehow in the picture. Whether the fire is in the wood stove on a winter night, or putting the oven on an open camp fire-its all about a fire. Enchiladas, casseroles, breads…. The possibilities all involve  a slow cooking time and a wonderful burst of steam when the lid is taken off. 

Kodiak resident Zoya Saltonstall is a mother of two and a physical therapist. She loves black labs and chocolate.

Sunday, August 02, 2015

Hunting by the light of the Blue Moon

Bushwhacking up to camp the evening before opening day

It's officially deer hunting season.  Yesterday Lisa, Gregg and I woke up at dawn opening day and harvested 2 blacktail deer by 9AM.  Whoo hooo deer liver and potatoes for dinner - my favorite meal of the year.

We climbed up into the mountains after work Friday evening and it was VERY hot. Then we set up camp and glassed for deer before dinner.  All we saw were a few does and fawns.  Uh oh - did we pick the wrong spot to hunt opening day?

There was a full moon - second moon of the month and so a 'Blue Moon' - and when we got up before dawn it was bright enough that we did not need headlamps around camp.  We climbed up to our observation perch and there were deer everywhere.  We headed towards one bachelor group of bucks and surprised another group on our way there.  I had a good shot at a fork and took it.

Then while I cleaned the first deer Lisa and Gregg continued to hunt.  Two other groups of bucks disappeared.  Eventually Gregg and Lisa came back to where I had set up after cleaning the deer, and off they went to put the stalk on ANOTHER bachelor group.  I have never seen so many bucks while hunting.

They left in chase and I looked over a knoll and spied a HUGE buck.  I watched him for 20 minutes or so until he moseyed off in the direction of where Lisa and Gregg had gone. I sat some more and contemplated that we had just missed a chip shot at one of the biggest bucks I'd seen in years.

And then they are back - deer down!  I was super surprised because I had never heard any shots.  They had been on the other side of the hill and they shot the buck I had been watching.  The big buck had left me and wandered over to them.  Now that's a deer that wants to get harvested.  Also, weirdly enough, we shot the second deer about 300 yards from where I had shot and cleaned the first deer a few hours earlier.  So after chasing multiple herds and wandering all over the place in the alpine - we ended up essentially shooting 2 deer in the same place.  What a morning.

And then came the hard part - carrying all the deer meat and camp gear home. .. ..

Patrick

Sunset from camp


Going to sleep with visions of big bucks in our heads

Up before dawn hunting under the light of the blue moon

Deer down at 6:10 in the morning - just at sunrise 
Lisa and Gregg put on the sneak on another group of deer

I saw this guy while they were off chasing another herd

Lisa's deer
Lisa feeds the deer some cornmeal

Homeward bound - 4 hours to the truck